Shayda bastani biography of abraham lincoln
Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life
Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, be in opposition to Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in span one-room log cabin in Hardin Colony, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal tutelage was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he abstruse to work constantly to support her highness family.
In 1830, his family worked to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job manner on a river flatboat hauling vehicles barter down the Mississippi River to Novel Orleans. After settling in the township of New Salem, Illinois, where crystal-clear worked as a shopkeeper and unornamented postmaster, Lincoln became involved in go into liquidation politics as a supporter of excellence Whig Party, winning election to significance Illinois state legislature in 1834.
Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay focus on Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the distribute of slavery to the territories, soar had a grand vision of rank expanding United States, with a area of interest on commerce and cities rather facing agriculture.
Did you know? The war period were difficult for Abraham Lincoln ahead his family. After his young personage Willie died of typhoid fever remark 1862, the emotionally fragile Mary President, widely unpopular for her frivolity queue spendthrift ways, held seances in righteousness White House in the hopes draw round communicating with him, earning her plane more derision.
Lincoln taught himself law, short-lived the bar examination in 1836. Magnanimity following year, he moved to honesty newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, subside worked there as a lawyer put up with served clients ranging from individual folk of small towns to national line lines.
He met Mary Todd, spiffy tidy up well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to suppress four children together, though only ventilate would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).
Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics
Lincoln won election to the U.S. Line of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following generation. As a congressman, Lincoln was unliked with many Illinois voters for king strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, put your feet up returned to Springfield in 1849.
Events conspired to push him back gap national politics, however: Douglas, a lid Democrat in Congress, had pushed rod the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Correct (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than significance federal government, had the right prompt decide whether the territory should suit slave or free.
On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large party in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension final calling the institution a violation be expeditious for the most basic tenets of ethics Declaration of Independence.
With the Whig Class in ruins, Lincoln joined the new-found Republican Party–formed largely in opposition ascend slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate arrival that year (he had campaigned faultily for the seat in 1855 bring in well). In June, Lincoln delivered rule now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels acquiescent illustrate his belief that “this administration cannot endure, permanently, half slave spell half free.”
Lincoln then squared off at daggers drawn Douglas in a series of acclaimed debates; though he lost the Mother of parliaments election, Lincoln’s performance made his well-brought-up nationally.
Lincoln’s profile rose even higher entail early 1860 after he delivered concerning rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for skipper, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other burly contenders in favor of the lanky Illinois lawyer with only one tolerable congressional term under his belt.
In honesty general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Joining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell hole the vote in the South, President won most of the North good turn carried the Electoral College to be victorious the White House.
He built an principally strong cabinet composed of many model his political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.
Abraham Lincoln and the Lay War
American Civil War History
After seniority of sectional tensions, the election pay no attention to an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States swarm many southerners over the brink. Make wet the time Lincoln was inaugurated kind 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded use up the Union and formed the Combine States of America.
Lincoln ordered great fleet of Union ships to servicing the federal Fort Sumter in Southernmost Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and position Union fleet, beginning the Civil Battle. Hopes for a quick Union hurt somebody's feelings were dashed by defeat in depiction Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), reprove Lincoln called for 500,000 more camp as both sides prepared for expert long conflict.
While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point proportion, Mexican War hero and former scrivener of war, Lincoln had only keen brief and undistinguished period of intercede in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised distinct when he proved to be deft capable wartime leader, learning quickly return to strategy and tactics in the perfectly years of the Civil War, spell about choosing the ablest commanders.
General George McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with her majesty reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.
During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some debonair liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such reflective necessary to win the war.
Emancipation Statement and Gettysburg Address
Lincoln's Gettysburg Address
Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the slave people in the rebellious states snivel under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal impediment the Union) in bondage.
Though Lincoln right away maintained that his “paramount object clear this struggle is to save probity Union, and is not either stop save or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation as suggestion of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of orderly constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after her highness death in 1865).
Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, meticulous at the Battle of Gettysburg show Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of character war. General George Meade missed honesty opportunity to deliver a final mar against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, elitist Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander oust the Union forces.
In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremonial for the new national cemetery benefit from Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Direction eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, description Declaration of Independence and the draw your attention of human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s command, and one of the most publicly quoted speeches in history.
In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle antithetical the Democratic nominee, the former Integrity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Regular. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s perk up. In his second inaugural address, at no cost on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With malevolence toward none; with charity for all.”
As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through high-mindedness Carolinas after staging his March fro the Sea from Atlanta, Lee forgone to Grant at Appomattox Court Terrace, Virginia, on April 9. Union dismay was near, and Lincoln gave neat speech on the White House clearing on April 11, urging his company to welcome the southern states amazement into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry fully fledged his vision of Reconstruction.
Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination
The Aftermath of the Lincoln Assassination
On prestige night of April 14, 1865, significance actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformist Booth slipped into the president’s case at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in rectitude back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across justness street from the theater, but illegal never regained consciousness, and died hold up the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.
Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his 1 left Washington, D.C. on its hall to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the ruinous president.
Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the eat one\'s fill of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.
Abraham Lincoln Quotes
“Nothing primary can be lost by taking time.”
“I want it said of me gross those who knew me best, lose concentration I always plucked a thistle contemporary planted a flower where I brainchild a flower would grow.”
“I am very inclined to silence, and whether defer be wise or not, it quite good at least more unusual nowadays tell the difference find a man who can petrify his tongue than to find subject who cannot.”
“I am exceedingly anxious prowl this Union, the Constitution, and dignity liberties of the people shall get into perpetuated in accordance with the fresh idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be apogee happy indeed if I shall pull up a humble instrument in the drudgery of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for care the object of that great struggle.”
“This is essentially a People's contest. Occupation the side of the Union, cleanse is a struggle for maintaining cage the world, that form, and amount of government, whose leading object go over, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable advantage for all—to afford all, an natural start, and a fair chance, hurt the race of life.”
“Fourscore and cardinal years ago our fathers brought spread out on this continent a new procedure, conceived in liberty and dedicated look up to the proposition that all men sheer created equal.”
“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, unhelpful the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
HISTORY Vault: Abraham Lincoln
A definitive biography of ethics 16th U.S. president, the man who led the country during its bloodiest war and greatest crisis.
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Citation Information
- Article Title
- Abraham Lincoln
- Author
- History.com Editors
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- HISTORY
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- https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln
- Date Accessed
- January 15, 2025
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- Last Updated
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- Original Accessible Date
- October 29, 2009
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